{"id":13888,"date":"2020-07-22T14:27:07","date_gmt":"2020-07-22T14:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.wholecelium.com\/?p=13888"},"modified":"2023-05-11T17:56:55","modified_gmt":"2023-05-11T15:56:55","slug":"the-fungus-with-23000-sexes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/blog\/the-fungus-with-23000-sexes\/","title":{"rendered":"Grybas, turintis 23 000 ly\u010di\u0173"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Nors grybams \u012fprasta tur\u0117ti kelias lytis, tai yra per daug net grybams. Turint omenyje, kad dauguma gyv\u016bn\u0173 turi tik dvi galimas lytis <em>(lytis yra grynai biologin\u0117 ir atskirta nuo lyties)<\/em> kurie gali lemti \"s\u0117kming\u0105\" poravim\u0105si. <em>(t. y. kurti palikuonis),<\/em> \u0161io grybo pa\u017ein\u010di\u0173 potencialas yra stulbinantis!<\/strong> <strong>Su\u017einokite apie gryb\u0105, turint\u012f 23 000 ly\u010di\u0173!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\" id=\"h-what-s-your-name-and-where-do-you-come-from\"><em>Kaip tave vadina ir i\u0161 kur esi kil\u0119s?<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Taigi, kaip atrodo \u0161is pernelyg seksualus grybas? I\u0161 tikr\u0173j\u0173 tai yra baltojo med\u017eio puvinio r\u016b\u0161is, kuri\u0105 galima rasti Indijoje, Tailande, Nigerijoje, Madagaskare ir Ryt\u0173 Indijoje.  Splitgill grybas yra guminis ir sunkiai valgomas, tod\u0117l daugumoje vakarieti\u0161k\u0173 gid\u0173 jis \u012fvardijamas kaip nevalgomas. Ta\u010diau tai neatbaido ne vakarie\u010di\u0173, nes jie \u017eino, kad \u0161is grybas <a aria-label=\"neapibr\u0117\u017etas (atsidaro naujame skirtuke)\" href=\"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/articles\/psychedelic-studies\/top-5-medicinal-mushrooms\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vaistinis<\/a> naudojimo b\u016bdai. Kaip ir daugelis kit\u0173 gryb\u0173, jis turi prie\u0161grybelini\u0173 ir antibakterini\u0173 savybi\u0173, kurios saugo j\u012f gamtoje ir yra labai naudingos \u017emon\u0117ms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\" id=\"h-variety-is-the-spice-of-life\"><em>\u012evairov\u0117 yra gyvenimo prieskonis<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Taigi, be to, kad \u012fvairov\u0117 yra gyvenimo prieskonis, kuo tokia gausa ly\u010di\u0173 naudinga \u0161iam grybui? Kaip teigia Kornelio profesor\u0117 Kathie Hodge <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.mycology.cornell.edu\/2010\/06\/02\/a-fungus-walks-into-a-singles-bar\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"neapibr\u0117\u017etas (atsidaro naujame skirtuke)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">valstyb\u0117s<\/a> \u017emon\u0117s potencialiai gali susilaukti palikuoni\u0173 tik su \"ma\u017edaug puse kambaryje esan\u010di\u0173 \u017emoni\u0173\". <em>(priklausomai nuo j\u016bs\u0173 socialinio rato)<\/em>. Kai, pvz. <em>Schizophyllum commune, <\/em>j\u016bs\u0173 galimyb\u0117s yra daug didesn\u0117s, o s\u0117kmingo prokreacijos tikimyb\u0117 labai padid\u0117ja. Galite, kaip juokauja Hod\u017eas, \"...pasteb\u0117ti, kad kiekvienas \u0161oki\u0173 aik\u0161tel\u0117je esantis \u017emogus yra potencialus partneris\".&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\" id=\"h-a-bit-of-science\"><em>\u0160iek tiek mokslo<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pa\u010dios \"lytys\" da\u017eniausiai nepasirei\u0161kia fiziniais skirtumais, kaip tai b\u016bt\u0173 b\u016bdinga gyv\u016bnams.Skirtumai slypi genome, dviejose skirtingose vietose, kuriose yra du aleliai. <em>(geno variacijos)<\/em>. Lokusai <em>(vietos)<\/em>&nbsp;vadinami A ir B, o aleliai - alfa ir beta. Tai rei\u0161kia, kad galimos keturios lytys. Ta\u010diau yra ir daugiau. Kiekvienas A-alfa\/beta ir B-alfa\/beta gali tur\u0117ti daugyb\u0119 skirting\u0173 variant\u0173, vadinam\u0173 specifi\u0161kumais. Tai sudaro daugiau kaip 339 A specifi\u0161kumus ir 64 B specifi\u0161kumus. \u012evedus \u0161ias dvi lytis atsiranda t\u016bkstan\u010diai galim\u0173 unikali\u0173 ly\u010di\u0173.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\" id=\"h-a-fungus-romance\"><em>Gryb\u0173 romanas<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Svarbiausia, kad grybas susirast\u0173 kitos lyties partner\u012f. Tuomet grybai susijungia \u012f romanti\u0161kai vadinam\u0105 \"spaustuvin\u012f ry\u0161\u012f\", kai branduoliai pereina i\u0161 vienos l\u0105stel\u0117s \u012f kit\u0105. Be to, bet kuris i\u0161 partneri\u0173 gali pastoti <em>(t. y. pagaminti ma\u017e\u0105 grybuk\u0105)<\/em> ir kiekvienas i\u0161 j\u0173 gali b\u016bti palikuoni\u0173 \"t\u0117vas\". <em>(t. y. suteikti grybams spermatozoido ekvivalent\u0105)<\/em>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-pale-cyan-blue-color has-text-color\" id=\"h-never-a-dull-moment\"><em>Niekada neb\u016bna nuobod\u017ei\u0173 akimirk\u0173<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u0117l \u0161ios priverstin\u0117s variacijos susiformuoja stipresni palikuonys, atsparesni ligoms ir parazitams, o tai rei\u0161kia, kad gryb\u0173 r\u016b\u0161is i\u0161lieka stipri i\u0161 kartos \u012f kart\u0105. Taigi, pasimatymai gryb\u0173 pasaulyje - niekada neb\u016bna nuobodu.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Papildoma pastaba - taip pat yra mirtinas grybas, pavadintas <em>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/em> kuris gali <a aria-label=\"neapibr\u0117\u017etas (atsidaro naujame skirtuke)\" href=\"https:\/\/www.livescience.com\/39541-deadly-fungus-mates-with-clones.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">daugintis su savo paties klonais.<\/a>. Mums tai skamba kaip sandorio nutraukimas...<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dating can be difficult. Especially during lockdown. One organism that probably does not understand the struggle however, is a fungus known as Schizophyllum commune, or &#8216;Splitgill&#8217; mushroom. Believe it or not, this fungi has over 23,000 different sexes.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13890,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[],"topics":[],"class_list":["post-13888","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science-and-studies"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13888","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13888"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13888\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":123872,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13888\/revisions\/123872"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13890"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13888"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13888"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13888"},{"taxonomy":"topics","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/staging.wholecelium.com\/lt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topics?post=13888"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}